DNS lookup and ping are both basic network diagnostics, but they test different things. A DNS lookup resolves a domain name to its records - the IP address, mail servers, and more. Ping sends packets to a host and measures whether it responds and how fast, testing reachability and latency.
Used together they isolate problems. If a DNS lookup fails, the name never resolves and nothing else can connect. If DNS works but ping fails, the name resolves but the host is unreachable or blocking pings. Knowing which to run speeds up troubleshooting.
